Even after aggregating variants at the level of genes, there is still a limited power to attain genome-wide statistical significance and still larger sample sizes to uncover novel disease associations are required. In order to identify the disease associated genes, an array of burden tests 12 13 have been developed to aggregate the signals from rare or common variants. 3–5 As common variants alone cannot explain the entire heritability of complex diseases, other causes such as DNA methylation levels, 6 rare, ultra-rare or singleton variants could contribute to the genetic risk, 7 8 for example, singleton variants have been studied earlier in the context of schizophrenia. ![]() 1 2 Large-scale meta-analyses have identified several genes that are associated with PD. Several risk variants and genes were identified by genetic studies and predictive disease risk models were built based on identified associations with common variants. Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder that is linked to several genetic and environmental factors.
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